Mohamed Dussu
In today's article I am very keen to describe the species of birds as these species are very diverse and most of us obviously do not know birds in detail. So let me just ask you for a few minutes that will not last more than ten minutes to stay with me in this article so that you can get to know the bird that I will describe in this article.
As I mentioned earlier this article I will explain to the bird and without wasting time the bird that will carry the content of today's article is a bird known as SECRETARY BIRD who in Swahili is known as KALANI TAMBA.
INTRODUCTION
The caterpillar is one of the most common birds found here in Tanzania, especially in the wildlife sanctuaries. This large bird is a carnivorous bird of prey and is found only in Africa. Due to the beauty of this aircraft it has led some nations in Africa to place this aircraft in their national emblems and those nations are Sudan and South Africa. This shows how we should take care of this bird especially here in our country Tanzania where we are still proud of the presence of this bird in various places.
Before I go any further on the character traits and characteristics of a clerk I would like to let you know, dear reader of this article, so that you can find out what the name of the clerk is from until you reach this bird called clerk.
This bird has been called a clerk due to the feathers that stood on the back of its head in the form of an 18th-century clerk with a pencil mark on the corner of its feathers and finally the name of the clerk appeared on this bird.
CHARACTERISTICS OF SECRETARY BIRD ALSO KNOWN AS (KARANI TAMBA) IN SWAHILI
1. The caravan dances to see the human face more and more like a bird or a crocodile and unlike other carnivorous birds.
2. It has a small head and a large body like an eagle with its mouth especially the upper lip curved downwards.
3. The dragonfly has long legs like a canyon and round-shaped wings.
4. Large parts of the body have feathers that are gray and slightly white, with the underside of its wings and legs covered with black feathers and a tail with two long pointed teeth.
5. The back part of the head clerk has a fur coat with black feathers on the underside. This bird's face has an orange color that tends to be red.
6. The woodpecker is the longest-legged bird in the world of carnivorous birds. They have very hard scales on their feet and this helps them not to get hurt especially when they are fighting or being bitten by a snake.
7. The tara lizard does not have fingers that can scratch like other carnivorous birds but has thick fingers and short curved claws.
8. These birds prefer to fly rather than fly and have an average capacity of 20-30 miles per day. Although they prefer but they are very good jumpers and they are able to jump very high into the sky and when they jump their long legs appear to exceed the body part and protrude from the back.
9. The male and female are very similar and it is difficult to distinguish them although the female has a smaller body than the male.
10.Secretary bird is a bird that lives in isolation but sometimes appears in a group or family and thinks up to five. These planes also end at borders and borders where a single clerk can have an empire of up to 50 square miles.
11. These birds are very quiet and often when they make a sound then they are low and are heard very rarely when they make a sound.
Height, WING LENGTH AND WEIGHT CARNER
Height - reaches 1.3-1.4 meters average 4.5 feet.
The wingspan is about two meters (6 feet).
Weight - these birds reach a weight of 2.3-5 kg
ENVIRONMENT
As I mentioned earlier these birds are found only in Africa and sub-Saharan Africa. It is most commonly found at elevations of about 3,000 meters above sea level.
They prefer open areas with short grasses and savanna although they are capable of semi-desert areas and areas with trees and shrubs. As soon as the sun goes down these birds prefer the side of the thornbushes and wake up very early and then descend to the ground in search of food.
GROWTH
Carnivores are among the carnivorous birds and prefer to eat snakes, lizards, frogs, rodents, small birds and the eggs of other birds. The best time for prey for these birds is daylight as they are able to see more day than night. Yet they sometimes eat the carcasses of animals that have been killed in their environment.
BIRTH
Secretary bird clerk lives two in their lifetime, this means that one male lives with his wife until the end of their lives. A male cannot have more than one female just as a female cannot have more than one male. Before mating together males and females play to attract attention and sometimes ground running games are all about getting each other ready for the mating process so that they can procreate their offspring through reproduction.
They build nests on thickets, these nests prefer to build on trees an average height of 5-7 meters. Together the male and female visit the nest site for less than half a year before the female begins laying eggs. The nest is about 2.5 feet [2.5 m] wide and one foot deep with sticks at the base.
The female lays 1–3 eggs and each egg lays for a period of 2- 3 days. The eggs are hatched for 42-50 days and the task of laying them is usually both male and female although the female spends more time laying eggs than the male. Throughout the egg-laying process the task of finding food becomes male, so the male is forced to search for food and bring the female to the nest.
Eggs are laid in an orderly fashion based on the lay. The pre-hatched egg is released earlier than the others and the flow goes on until the last egg. Once they do not take care of the chicks the offspring multiply between the female and the male and all together are responsible for feeding them. Children of the clerk tend to have yellow skin on the face and feathers. Babies begin to flap their wings when they reach 60 days and begin to fly after 80 days even though they stay in the nest for a long time. And during this time the female and the male go with the young to the prey to teach them how to hunt. Unlike other carnivorous birds, Secretary bird is said to be the most capable of raising more than one child.
The Secretary bird clerk has an average life expectancy of 10–15 years if in its natural environment if it is kept in a wildlife garden then it can reach up to 19 years.
STORAGE
The great responsibility of these wildlife articles is borne out in this article so I tend to stress a lot if you are reading this article then this feature is very emphatic. For here you will be able to know what the direction of the animal is and then he will also know about the animal described in the article.
Based on the principles of indigenous African origin, Secretary bird was named among the birds to be protected in 1968. Based on research and data provided by the United Nations International Organization for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). 2016 the number of these birds especially large ones is between 6,700 - 67,000 and this number is called day by day.
This situation has led these birds to a group of living creatures that if the situation continues like this then they will join a group of endangered species on earth. There are so many challenges that lead to placing a number of these in their environment that are largely caused by human activities.
ENEMIES AND CHALLENGES FOR SECRETARY BIRD
The great caterpillar has no natural enemies although the eggs and offspring of these birds face the challenge of so many enemies. The decisions of the enemies of the caterpillar eggs and chicks are crows, owls, desert ducks and hawks.
In addition to the natural enemies of eggs and chicks, there are challenges that threaten these birds, and they are like life.
1. Residential and commercial development; Due to the habitat area and the expansion of commercial areas, the environment of these birds has been severely damaged by natural resource exploration something that leads some to die especially while searching for new habitats for their livelihood.
2. Agricultural activities; Arbitrary pastoralism and the establishment of ranches in various places have been a problem that has led to the disappearance of these birds in some areas. Similarly, the expansion of farms for agriculture has led to the destruction of the clerk's environment.
3. Malnutrition; Due to the hunting and capture of small species the pattern of the rat community led to a food challenge for these birds something that makes them migrate to other places.
4.Moto; There has been a fire challenge in so many places especially just popping up without supervision. This condition causes the canyon environment to be destroyed and even to kill the chicks of these birds or eggs.
5. Climate change; The development of human activities, especially industrial development, has led to global climate change, even in some areas and droughts. This situation has caused the environment, especially the breeding grounds to be completely extinct, and some of these birds are unable to reproduce.
WHAT CAN BE DONE TO HELP THESE BIRDS ESPECIALLY HERE IN TANZANIA.
All activities involving settlement development should take into account the planning and feasibility study of the species that will be affected by the establishment of settlements in the area without forgetting also the role or contribution of these species in our national income especially through the tourism industry. Commercial development should adhere to a wildlife conservation policy to avoid the loss of these birds.
The government should fight against arbitrary pastoralism and the establishment of ranches without conducting research in the proposed areas for such ranches. There are some areas where you find a good environment for breeding these birds but due to the research that is done then it leads people to make their own decisions and ranch projects or turn the area into a pasture something that causes food availability for these birds.
Various studies should be conducted to determine the number of these birds in the country. By doing this we will be able to determine exactly what areas of the environment lead the aircraft to send and eventually find a solution to the problem so that we can continue to have a large number of clerks in areas that appear to be a threat of extinction clerks. This research should go hand in hand with then saying since we will find it meaningless to leave them without a trace we will have done nothing and the situation that these birds will continue to exist.
Some of these trade areas have been hunted and shipped to various countries. Based on these reports the government through various authorities responsible for wildlife use and the commercial sector must work with the best use to inspect our export resources to mitigate future impacts from wildlife trafficking.
Poultry and wildfires, especially in forested areas or isolated areas of wildlife sanctuaries. In doing so I am able to take care of the environment for these as we have seen wildfires have been a challenge for these birds. At the same time, climate change, which is difficult to prevent as a nation alone, has to involve major nations and major natural resources, such as the WWF, to find a way to address this problem.
The provision of conservation education to the community is very important to make the community members great ambassadors especially by getting various information about what is going on outside the wildlife sanctuaries. If the public is made aware of the importance of the existence of these birds, they will certainly not accept to see people committing corruption or any other indicator of a problem with the clerk we have been assigned here in the country.
CONCLUSION
SECRETARY BIRD is one of the major attractions that attracts tourists to the country to see them especially our wildlife reserves and our country can generate a lot of foreign exchange through the tourism industry. It is therefore the responsibility of each and every one of us for the sincere efforts and protection we continue to have in the country as the sole responsibility of the authorities in charge of wildlife conservation.
Many congratulations to all the authorities responsible for wildlife conservation in the country which are TANAPA, TAWA and Ngorongoro Conservation Area Authority for the great work they are doing to conserve our natural resources especially wildlife and the wildlife environment continues to be as natural as it is. be in the past. Not to mention the TFS forestry authorities also for the great work of forest conservation as it is also a great place to create an environment that is conducive to the diversity of wildlife.
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Beautiful Secretary Bird